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Glossary Glossary liquid crystal display (LCD) — A type of display that uses a liquid substance between two transparent electrode panels. When an electric current passes through the electrodes, the molecules in the liquid form a crystalline pattern that polarizes the light passing through it. A filter over the electrodes permits only non- polarized light to pass to the surface of the display, creating light and dark pixels. load — To move information from a storage device (such as a hard disk) into memory for processing. local area network — See LAN. logical drive — A section of a disk that is recognized by the operating system as a separate disk drive. A system’s logical drives may differ from its physical drives. For example, a single hard disk drive may be partitioned into two or more logical drives. megabyte (MB) — A unit of data equal to 1,048,576 bytes M (1024 x 1024 bytes). See also bytes. memory — Typically refers to the computer’s main memory, where programs are run and data is temporarily stored and processed. Memory can be volatile and hold data temporarily, such as RAM, or it can be nonvolatile and hold data permanently, such as ROM. A computer’s main memory is RAM. See RAM, ROM. microprocessor — See central processing unit (CPU). MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface) — A standard for connecting musical instruments, synthesizers, and computers. The MIDI standard provides a way of translating music into a form computers can use, and vice versa. modem — Short for “modulator/demodulator.” A device that converts information from digital to analog and back to digital, enabling information to pass back and forth between digital computers and analog telephone lines. motherboard — The main circuit board in the computer. It contains the processor, memory, and other primary components. MS-DOS prompt — See system prompt. Glossary Glossary N O P multimedia — A combination of two or more media, such as sound, animation, and video in a computer program or presentation. Musical Instrument Digital Interface — See MIDI. network — A collection of computers and associated devices that are connected by communications facilities. A network allows you to share data and peripheral devices, such as printers, with other users and to exchange electronic mail. non-interlaced — A method of refreshing a computer screen, in which each pixel of every line is refreshed as the electron beam scans across and down the screen. Compare interlaced. non-system disk — A disk for storing programs and data that cannot be used to start the computer. Compare system disk. NT file system (NTFS) — An advanced file system designed for use specifically with the Windows NT operating system. online — Available through the computer. Online may refer to information being read from your own computer’s hard disk, such as online documentation or online help, or to information coming from another company on a company network or the Internet. operating system — A set of programs that controls how the computer works. Examples of operating systems are Windows® 98 Second Edition and Windows® 2000 operating systems. palette — See color palette. parallel — Processes that occur simultaneously. In communications, it means the transmission of more than one bit of information at a time. On your computer, the parallel port provides a parallel communications interface between the computer and an appropriate device. Most modern printers are parallel. Compare serial. password — A unique string of characters entered by a user to verify his or her identity to the computer or the network. Glossary Glossary PC Card — A credit-card-sized expansion card designed to increase the capabilities of notebook computers. PC Cards provide functions such as modem, fax/modem, hard disk drive, network adapter, sound card, or SCSI adapter. peripheral — Any device, such as a printer or joystick, that is attached to the computer and controlled by the computer’s CPU. pixel — Short for “picture element.” The smallest dot that can be produced on a screen or printer. Plug and Play — Generally, refers to the computer’s ability to automatically configure itself to work with peripheral devices. When capitalized, refers to a standard that, when followed by a device manufacturer, allows a PC to configure itself automatically to work with the device. pointing device — Any device, such as the TouchPad or a mouse, that enables you to move the cursor on the screen. port — A socket on the computer where you plug in a cable for connection to a network or a peripheral device. processor — See central processing unit (CPU). program — A set of instructions that can be executed by a computer. The general classes of programs (also called software) are operating system, application, and utility. See also operating system, application, utility. properties — The attributes of an object or device. For example, the properties of a file include the file’s type, size, and creation date. RAM (random access m...

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