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bits per second (bps) — A way of measuring the speed at which information is passed between two devices. This is the basic unit of measure used in modem communications, and is similar, but not identical, to the baud rate. See also baud rate. boot — To start the computer. The term “boot” originates from bootstrap program (as in “pulling itself up by its bootstraps”), a program that loads and initializes the operating system. See also reboot. boot disk — See system disk. boot priority (startup sequence) — The order in which the computer accesses its internal storage drives to locate the startup files. bus — An electrical circuit that connects the central processing unit (CPU) with other parts of the computer, such as the video adapter, disk drives, and ports. It is the pathway through which data flows from one device to another. See also bus speed, frontside bus. bus speed — The speed at which the central processing unit (CPU) communicates with the other parts of the computer. cache — A section of very fast memory in which frequently used information is duplicated for quick access. Accessing data from cache is faster than accessing it from the computer’s main memory. See also CPU cache, L1 cache, L2 cache. CD — An individual compact disc. See also CD-ROM. Glossary Glossary CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read-Only Memory) — A form of high- capacity storage that uses laser optics instead of magnetic means for reading data. See also CD. Compare DVD-ROM. Central Processing Unit (CPU) — The chip that functions as the “brain” of the computer. It takes information from outside sources, such as memory or keyboard input, processes the information, and sends the results to another device that uses the information. character — Any letter, number, or symbol you can use on the computer. Some characters are non-printing characters, such as a paragraph break in a word-processing program. A character occupies one byte of computer storage. chip — A small piece of silicon containing computer logic and circuits for processing, memory, input/output, and/or control functions. Chips are mounted on printed circuit boards. click — To press and release the pointing device’s primary button without moving the pointing device. In the Windows® operating system, this refers to the pointing device’s left button, unless otherwise stated. See also double-click. color palette — A set of specified colors that establishes the colors that can be displayed on the screen at a particular time. compatibility — The extent to which computers, programs, or devices can work together harmoniously, using the same commands, formats, or language as another. configuration — (1) The collection of components that make up a single computer system. (2) How parts of the system are set up (that is, configured). controller — A device that controls the transfer of data from a computer to a peripheral device and vice versa. For example, disk drives, monitors, key...

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