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Overscan The practice in which areas without useful video information are scanned outside the visible screen area in order to make maximum use of the screen for display of active video information. This practice is occasionally necessary because some video cards generate a video pattern that is smaller than the visible screen area, resulting in an image that is smaller (and less legible) than it needs to be. RETURN TO TOP OF THE PAGE P Parallelogram Distortion See Geometric distortion. Phosphor Generic name for the class of substances that exhibit luminescence. To produce a picture on screen, phosphors are deposited on the inner surface of the picture-tube screen and excited into luminescence by the electron beam. Typical examples of phosphors are P22 medium shortpersistence phosphor and EBU high-color-saturation phosphor. Pin-cushion Distortion See Geometric distortion. Pixel Abbreviation for picture element, the smallest element of the picture that can be displayed on the screen. The smaller the pixel size, the better the resolution of the monitor. Pixel size is determined by the size of the electron spot on the screen and not necessarily by the phosphor dot pitch (the size of the triad). Thus, a monitor with a large electron spot covering several triads can exhibit poor resolution even though its dot pitch is small. Pixel frequency The number of pixels that can be written in a video line per second. Pixel rate See pixel frequency Plug-and-Play See DDC. See USB section. RETURN TO TOP OF THE PAGE R Raster The area on screen that electron beam can reach. Refresh rate See Vertical scanning frequency. Resolution The number of pixels that can be displayed on the screen. The resolution is specified as the number of pixels in a line multiplied by the number of horizontal lines. See also video graphic adapter. Rotation function The feature that allows users to adjust the whole screen rotating to be horizontal. Because of the magnetic field of earth, the screen of monitor will be tilt when the screen faces toward the different direction. RETURN TO TOP OF THE PAGE S Screen coatings Anti-Static coatings Due to bombardment by beam electrons, monitor screens become electrically charged when in use. Electrically charged screens surfaces can attract dust particles. An Anti-Static coating is a conductive coating deposited on the screen (or on a glass panel immediately in front of the screen) that conducts away the charge and prevents screen dust build-up. AGAS (Anti-Glare, Anti-Static) coating AGAS is a silica coating applied to the surface of the screen by a spinning and spraying process. It operates by diffusing reflected light to blur images of light sources on the screen. To provide antistatic properties, the coating is impregnated with small conductive particles. ARAS (Anti-Reflection, Anti-Static) coating ARAS is one of the most effective anti-reflection/anti-static screen treatments currently available. It is composed of a multi-layer structure of transparent dielectric material that suppresses specular reflections by broadband interference effects at the screen surface. Anti-static properties are provided by a single conductive layer within the multi-layer structure. With ARAS, the intensity of reflected light is reduced from around 4.5% of the incident light (the reflectivity of uncoated screens) to less than 0.5%. ARAS also has a major advantage over other screen treatments: It doesn't diffuse or scatter reflected light, so picture contrast and sharpness remain completely unimpaired. It's also easy to clean and tough enough to withstand commercially available cleaning agents. The ARAS coating reflects only about 0.5% of the incident light. AGRAS (Anti-Glare anti-Reflection Anti-Static) coating. A combined anti-reflection, anti-glare, anti-static coating. Self-test function A monitor equipped with hardware or software to automatically detect cable connection status. Shape Deviation of a reproduced picture from its intended shape. The following types of distortion are most common: SOG (Synchronization On Green) A properly functioning color monitor requires five kinds of signals: horizontal sync pulse, vertical sync pulse, red color signal, green color signal and blue color signal. Signals from a PC are transmitted to a monitor using one of three methods: 1. Separate sync: Horizontal and Vertical sync signals transmitted separately 2. Composite sync: Horizontal and vertical sync pulses mixed into a single signal train. 3. SOG: Horizontal and vertical sync pulses mixed, then combined with the green color signal. RETURN TO TOP OF THE PAGE T TCO See Electromagnetic radiation standards. Tilt function See rotation function. Trapezoid distortion See Geometrical distortion. TTL signal A TTL (Transistor-transistor-logic) signal is a digital signal level for controlling the screen colors. With TTL driving, the red, green and blue signals can only be switched on or off or provided with an intensity signal. A TTL-driven moni...
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